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Dialogue of teacher and students: about chemistry


           

            The bell rang time for Mr. Fauzan to enter the class XI IPA 1

Mr. Fauzan : Morning all?
All students: Morning teacher.
Mr. Fauzan : Today we will learn about acids and bases. Does anyone know what is acid?
Dina : Me sir  , I think acid is a acidic compound.
Mr. Fauzan : Yes, that's right Dina. Then there is another bases, does anyone know what is a base?
Ayu : Me sir, I think the base is a bitter-tasting compound.
Mr. Fauzan : Yes, it is true what is delivered ayu. Well, the theory of acids and bases that we will study there are three, theory according to Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis. According to the theory of Arrhenius acid is a substance which if dissolved in water will produce H⁺ ions, whereas a base is a substance that if dissolved in water produces OHˉ ion.
Lusi: Sir, I want to ask what if the solution is not dissolved into the water?
Mr. Fauzan : nice question. Not all compounds dissolve in water, then the acid-base theory is then fixed by Bronsted-lowry. Anyone can help me, to convey the theory of acidic bases according to Bronsted-Lowry?
Dina : Me sir, according to this book I read, acid according to Bronsted-Lowry is a substance that can give proton (H⁺) to other substance or proton donor. While a base is a substance that receives protons (H⁺) from another substance that is a proton acceptor.
Mr. Fauzan : yes, exactly Dina. Well, according to this theory the acid gives the proton (H⁺) and the base receives the proton (H⁺). For example when the solution of HSO4 ˉ is dissolved in CO3²ˉ produces SO4²ˉ and HCO3ˉ. Therefore, HSO4ˉ is an acid because it gives one proton to CO3²ˉ. and CO3²ˉ is base because it receives one proton from HSO4ˉ. This is the strength of the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory that can explain any reaction that occurs in any form, including gases, non-aqueous solutions, aqueous solutions, and heterogeneous mixtures.
Luci : Oh, so there is another theory yes sir. So it can be concluded that the acid according to Bronsted-Lowry is a proton donor, whereas a base is a proton acceptor. Thank you sir I already understand it.
Ayu : Teacher then what if the substance does not happen the handover of protons?
Mr. Fauzan : It is okay to answer that question then you will explain the third acid-base theory that is Lewis. According to Lewis a substance can include acids if it can accept electron pairs while a base if the substance is capable of giving electrons. With the existence of Lewis acid theory is able to explain the ractions that do not involve the handover of protons. For example CaO is reacted with SO2 to produce CaSO3, Oˉ² of CaO has 2 free electron pairs that react with 2 hands in SO2. Then Oˉ² is a Lewis base while SO2 is a lewis acid. The covalent bond formed is the O - S bond
Luci : sir I wants to ask whether the advantages of the Lewis acid-base theory compare to others?
Mr. Fauzan : Thank you luci for the question. As you have already explained, Lewis acid-base theory is able to explain acid-base reactions that do not involve the transfer of protons. In addition, Lewis acid-base theory is able to explain the acid-base reaction, either in water solvents, non-water solvents, or without solvents. How luci, already understand?
Luci : Thanks sir for the answer.
Mr fauzan : well then to know a substance including acid or base used indicator to measure it. And one of them is litmus paper. Approximately when the red litmus is put into the base solution what will happen?
Ayu: I think when red litmus is inserted into base solution then it will change its color to be blue.
Teacher: yes good answer. That litmus paper is inserted into base then it will convert litmus to red. Then what would happen if the blue lakmus was inserted in the acid solution?
Dina : I think when the blue lakmus is inserted in the acid solution it will change the blue litmus color to red.
Mr fauzan : good answere dina. If the blue lakmus is inserted in the acid solution then there will be a change in the blue litmus to red.
            The break bell rang
Mr fauzan : well all the material I can deliver. Hopefully can be understood and learn again at home. And Good afternoon.
All the students: good afternoon sir.
video 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnFZs9kYGbw

Komentar

  1. Unknown6:23 AM

    Mention the definition of acids and bases according to Arrhenius..

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Fauzan Maha Putra3:18 PM

      According to the theory of Arrhenius acid is a substance which if dissolved in water will produce H⁺ ions, whereas a base is a substance that if dissolved in water produces OHˉ ion.

      Hapus
  2. Unknown6:51 AM

    Can we distinguish acid-base when viewed from the physical state, if can how to distinguish it

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Fauzan Maha Putra3:22 PM

      . Differences in Taste The most striking difference between acids and bases lies in the taste of both. Sour acids, as the name implies must have a sour taste if tasted with the tongue. A simple example is vitamin C which contains ascorbate compounds, when you suck this substance, you will definitely feel a strong sour taste. While alkaline substances generally have a bitter taste. If you do not believe it, put a little bath soap into your tongue. The unbearable bitterness will surely be instantly felt.
      2. Lakmus Paper Litmus paper is the most commonly used acidity indicator. Litmus paper itself there are 2 types, namely red litmus paper and blue litmus paper. Compounds or acidic substances will generally be able to redden the blue litmus paper and not change the color of red litmus paper. While the compound or alkaline substances will generally be able to brighten red litmus paper and do not change the color of blue litmus paper.
      3. Differences in Nature Differences of acids and bases can also be seen from its nature. The nature of the acid is corrosive or can erode other objects (especially metals) that come into contact with it. While the basic properties are caustic or can damage the skin. Both the properties of acids and bases you must understand if you are in the laboratory. These properties are very dangerous if you do not pay attention to health and safety. Differences Internet and Intranet 4. Reactions with Water Differences of acids and bases can also be seen from the results of their reaction with water. When the acid is dissolved into the water, it will happen ionization that produces H + ions, while if the basic compound dissolved into water, then the ion formed is the OH-ions. Well, that's some acid and base differences in the table that we can explain. Besides having differences, acidic and basic substances also have some similarities. One such equation for example in terms of the ability of these compounds in conducting electrical current. Yes, acids and bases are compounds that are both conductor. So physically acidic bases can not be directly distinguished

      Hapus
  3. Unknown6:23 AM

    are the acids always taste sour?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Fauzan Maha Putra7:12 AM

      In general, the acid has the following properties:
      Flavor: sour when dissolved in water.
      Touch: acid feels stinging when touched, and may damage the skin, especially when the acid is concentrated.
      Reactivity: acids react violently with most metals, ie corrosive to metals.
      Electrical conductivity: acid, though not always ionic, is an electrolyte fluid.
      Acid has many uses. Acid is often used to remove rust from metals in a process called "pickling". Acid can be used as an electrolyte in a wet cell battery, such as sulfuric acid used in car batteries. In the human body and various animals, hydrochloric acid is part of the stomach acid secreted in the stomach to help break down proteins and polysaccharides as well as convert inactive pepsinogen proenzymes into pepsin enzymes. Acid is also used as a catalyst; For example, sulfuric acid is widely used in the alkylation process in the manufacture of gasoline. So acid is a acidic compound.

      Hapus

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